Jurlique Manufactures And Retails Marketing Essay

Jurlique Manufactures And Retails Marketing Essay Profile Founded in South Australia by a chemist and a horticulturalist in 1985, Jurlique manufactures and retails the purest, most powerful skin care products. The organic and biodynamic farm system, which was built to harvest materials for manufacture products, offers the advantages of providing nature, fresh and sustainable ingredients of products. All kind of skin care products including body care, shampoo, shower gel and essential oil with four fragrances, namely: rose, lavender, citrus and jasmine are available. Jurlique has expanded to over 20 countries. They insist to manufacture products through eco-friendly process and regularly attend activities of environmental protection. (Jurlique 2012) Mission Manufacture purest products which are made of completely organic and biodynamic materials without any chemical added. (Jurlique 2012) Company Positioning Jurlique offers pure and harmless products to help skin become more beautiful with affordable price. Customers will be impressed with the high quality of products and fresh fragrance. SWOT Analysis 2.4.1 Strengths With own organic farmland, sources of materials are sustainable to maintain stable product line.   (Adriana Noton n.d.) Products, which made from natural ingredients, are harmless to health with high skin care efficiency. Jurlique has worldwide presence in Asia-Pacific, Europe, North America and South America. (Jurlique 2012) Good reputation due to the contribution of environmental protection. The products are suitable to sensitive skin with hypoallergenic ingredients. (Adriana Noton n.d.) 2.4.2 Weaknesses Lack of differentiation from other competitors. 2.4.3 Opportunity As organic products are emphasized recently, customers tend to buy nature products which are not harmful to health. The brand awareness has been enhanced in Australia. Customers gradually find out the marvellous efficiency of using natural products. (Adriana Noton n.d.) 2.4.4 Threats There are a lot of competitors such as LOCCITANE, The Body Shop and Aesop, etc. More and more pretenders try to produce similar products and pronounce the same advantage of organic ingredients. (Adriana Noton n.d.) Advertising Objective 3.1. The immediate sales 1. Trying to grab the floating profits like impulse or unplanned purchase.   Ã‚  Ã‚   2. Fulfilling the sales function by represent the new product for existing   Ã‚  Ã‚  consumers who have built the brand loyalty already. 3. To remind the consumer to purchase this new product. 3. 2. The short-term goal 1. This advertising campaign would reinforce the original brand image by market extension. 2. It also would enhance the product exposure frequency to strengthen the brand or product recognition and popularity which lead to repeat purchase. 3. The campaign advocates the green, organic, healthy life style rather than a single perfume brand. 3.3. The long-round aims. 1. Make the consumers add the whole bunch of reliance credits in our brand equity account. 2. Trying to generate the new demands in existing market and get more market shares in this niche market. 3. Increasing the wide acceptance of our brand. Target Market Segmentation 4.1.1 Geographic- This new product-Essential oil perfume will be firstly launched in Australia where is the birthplace of Jurlique. We will run this product in flagship store of Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide and Perth where have a large amount of population and potential opportunity to promote it. 4.1.2 Demographic- The target market will focus on females whose ages from 20 to 35 years old due to the fact that they have the most powerful ability of purchase. According to Australian Bureau of Statistics (2011), there is the highest population of female in the age level of 20 to 35. 4.1.3 Psychographic- Following the changes in the whole world, the concept of most people has been changed. Especially, people are taking notice of the ingredients of cosmetics. Hence, they do gradually keen on the natural, eco-friendly and organic product. 4.1.4 Socioeconomic- The target market focuses on university students and office ladies, hence, their income level may be low and middle. The average salary of white- collar workers is from 2500 to 5000 Australian dollars (Australia Average Salary Expenditure 2005). buying situation The products are appealed by females who value the protection of their body and health. Also, in current society, most people pay attention on environmental preservation. Hence, they prefer to purchase and search for nature-oriented products which would reduce the harms of human beings and environment. Target Audience The product of essential oil perfume is concentrated on the group of graduated students and office ladies (white collar workers) whose need the durable fragrance to reveal their temperament in every occasion. The majority of Jurlique customers will be women who start caring their skin and beauty. Hence, most products produced by Jurlique are designed with women in mind including perfume, body crà ¨me and lotion which protect womens skin. However, it is clear that women prefer having fragrance all day long. Therefore, it is a chance to do the research and development of oil perfume which have the efficacy of perdurability. Further, the consumption of cosmetic products has rapidly increased during festival time, such as Christmas, Mothers day, and Valentines Day. These women who purchase Jurlique products are between 20 to 35 years old. Product Positioning It is positioned on the aspect of slow fashion which emphasizes nature, eco-awareness, and health. The perspective of Jurliques essential oil perfumes is that the firm integrates the functional advantages of essential oils with our main scents which include jasmine, rose, lavender and citrus. Essential oil could assist customer in refreshing their mind, releasing their pressure and relaxing, also our new perfume would help females enhance their charm and self-confidence. Moreover, the ingredients of the essential oil perfumes are nature without chemical elements. Therefore, the new product would not injure customers body and health. Competitors 4.5.1 Competitive advantage Compared to Jurliques competitors, such as Loccitane and Aesop, they have similar philosophy and the same product categories. However, the new product of Jurlique could be distinguished from others, because our new product involves natural essential oils. In addition to this, the product of essential oil perfume has never been developed in the two firms of Loccitane and Aesop yet. Thus, this would have a high attraction on female market. Creative Message Strategy Theme The communication objectives As this oil perfume is a new product, the most important objectives are to enhance the customer awareness of the product, and impressed them by the first advertising. The product knowledge of nature and harmless ingredient can be conveyed in advertising. To stimulate the buying behavior by this creative advertising. Customer insight Customers gradually concern about nature and healthy ingredients of products, especially in food and those using for skin care. Message (à ¥Ã‚ ·Ã‚ ®Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã‚ ©Ãƒ ©Ã‚ »Ã… ¾) Different from other women perfume advertising which emphasizes the appeal for men, Jurlique advertisement will focus on the distinctive features which are less harmful and helpful to relax with fresh fragrance to attract women who concern about the harmless ingredient of products and those who are under stress. Look and Style Appeals Media Objective 1. Reach 80% of the target audience at least 3.2 per three month. 2. Use selected media to provide coverage of approximately 40% of target audiences per month. 3. Design to launch the advertising on holiday period and four seasons. Media reach and frequency The major objective of the advertising is that provides the information of a new campaign to existing consumers and appeal a great number of potential target audiences through selected media. Also, Jurlique is established and well-known brand in Australia. Thus, low-frequency strategy and high-reach strategy are appropriate for the campaign, based on Wells et al. (2011), high-reach strategy and low-frequency strategy could be used to launch a new product with notable brand in order to deliver reminder and simple messages. In order to calculate effective frequency, the company use Ostrow frequency model, because Telmar (2010) reported that the goal of Ostrow model is setting up minimum effective frequency level to maximise reach level. Therefore, the lowest frequency of the campaign is 3.2. Besides, according to three selected media, Jurlique assumes that the campaign would catch about 40% of potential customers each month when the advertising launching, so the coverage is around 40%. Marketing Factors That Affect Effective Frequency Established brands -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 New brands High market share -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Low market share Dominant brand in market -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Smaller, less well-known brands High brand loyalty -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Low brand loyalty Long purchase cycle -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Short purchase cycle(high volume segments) Product used occasionally -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Product used daily -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Needed to beat competition -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Advertising to older consumers, or children Copy Factors That Affect Effective Frequency Simple copy -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Complex copy Copy more unusual than competition -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Copy less unusual than competition Continuing campaign -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 New copy campaign Product sell copy -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Image type copy Single king of message -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 More different kinds of messages To avoid wear out: New message -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Older messages Larger ad units -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Small ad units Media Factors That Affect Effective Frequency Lower ad clutter -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 High ad clutter Compatible editorial environment -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Incompatible environment Attentiveness high -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Attentiveness low Continuous advertising -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Pulsed or flighted advertising Few media used -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Many media used Opportunities for media repetition -.2 -.1 + .1 + .2 Fewer opportunities -.25 + -.13 + +.13 + +.26 = +.2 .2+ 3.0(Effective frequency base) = 3.2 (Modified effective frequency level) Media Selection 6.2.1 Television Nowadays, although the rapidly rise of social network advertising, the TV advertising is still regarded as the dominant form of media advertising, since it have several advantages which would not be easily replaced like large usage rate of TV , at least few hours occupation per person daily as well as the high reaching rate for different groups of audiences. According to responeseAbility Consumer Research (2001), there 52% of female purchase decisions would like to be affected by TV Advertising in Australia. Also, the target market of Jurlique are females whose ages from 20 to 35, as a result, TV advertising would be the most direct way for product exposure. Meanwhile, it could deliver the message combine audio and video at meantime which could stimulate people, especially for female, to generate advertising appeals or evoke the subconscious possessive willing by using ideal scenario to cater their perception (Fah Foon 2011). 6.2.2 Magazine According to Belch et al. (2012), magazines are a kind of media, which focus on specific target audiences. Also, Wells et al. (2011) stated that the percentage of females titles in the magazine market stands at about 65%. Thus, Jurlique would use this medium to publish its new advertising. In Australia, there are a variety of magazines for females. Jurlique is likely to promote its new perfumes advertising through three womens magazines such as Australian Womens Weekly, Marie Claire as well as Cosmopolitan, because the circulation and readership of these magazines in Australia are approximately above 100,000 and 400,000, and their target consumers age are between 18 and 55 (ACP Magazines, 2012 Pacific Magazines, 2012). As a result, the campaign in these magazines can be easily to catch particular customers of Jurliques fragrance. 6.2.3 Facebook The advantages of social network Due to the vast number of users, social network advertising can easily convey to those used the internet. The cost of social network advertising is significantly lower than other forms of advertising. The messages spread in social network are seen to be more reliable as they are shared by our friends rather than companies Social network create a route for customers to communicate directly to companies, as a result, the brand awareness and loyalty could be enhanced. (Socialolio 2012) Selection of Social network To compare the most popular social network Facebook and Twitter, we find out the age group of Facebook users (25-34) are closer to the target market of Jurlique perfume (Socialbakers 2012)(Alana Jessica Ward 2012). Besides, Facebook profiles can contain more detail than Twitter (ListsHere.com n.d.). What is more, Facebook allows company to provide photos, videos and longer descriptions. Consequently, Facebook fan page is more desirable to advertise the new products of Jurlique. Cost Free to create fan pages as well as post any information there . Reach rate The amount of fans of Jurlique AU is 16248. (Jurlique Australia 2012) According to the research, one Facebook post reach 12% of fans. (Josh Constine, 2012) The average fans which liked the posts from Jurlique fan page is 30. (Jurlique Australia 2012) The average amount of friends of Facebook users is 229. (Bianca Bosker, 2011) 16248ÃÆ'-12%+30ÃÆ'-229ÃÆ'-12%=1949.76+824.4=2774.16à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‹â€ 2774 people One post could be seen by around 2774 people Scheduling We divide the product of oil perfume into four flavours to match four seasons. Thus, the product of oil perfume which is for spring season will be initially launched on the beginning of September through mass media which include magazine, television and Facebook from 1 September until the middle of September. After the time, the media of magazine and television will be paused until 15 November, but Facebook will still run all the year. Further, owing to the fact that Christmas day is on 25 December, the advertising of new fragrant perfume which is fit for summer season will be promoted from 16 November within three of mass media above until the end of December. Besides, December is a big sales month for Australian. Nevertheless, advertising period must be continued in one month. Furthermore, 14 Feb is Valentines day, as a result oil perfume with another new flavour will be popularized two weeks ago to match autumn. In addition to this, the mass media of magazine and television will b e carried out again. Moreover, sending perfume as a gift to mother will be a good choice. Hence, before Mothers day, the product will publish new scent for winter and this special day. Scheduling Year 2012 Month Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Day ~15 16~ ~15 16~ ~15 16~ ~15 16~ Magazine Television Facebook season spring summer Holiday Christmas Special Big Sales new spring new summer Scheduling Year 2013 Month Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Day ~15 16~ ~15 16~ ~15 16~ ~15 16~ ~15 16~ ~15 16~ ~15 16~ ~15 16~ Magazine Television Facebook season summer fall winter Holiday Valentine Mum Special Big Sales à £Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ new summer new fall new winter Estimation of Cost Evaluation of performance For this new product-Oil Perfume, marketing team will carry out an available measuring research of its media campaign to rough execution to testing the final version before implementing, while this activity is running and once the campaign gets to its end. Jurlique is a successful company and has been established for a long time. Hence, Jurlique wants to enhance the business and be able to correct any mistakes, such as cost, on time, also increasing the efficiency of integrated marketing communication and making sure it takes the right media decisions by evaluating the campaign. (Belch, et al., 2009) Pretesting: June to August 2012 Testing positioning, image and brand identity: Jurlique would assess its new campaign concept on selected media. This could help it to understand that the messages in terms of positioning and image of advertising that Jurlique intend to launch are realized by its specific target audiences. Concept testing: At this stage, Jurlique want to evaluate the characteristics (namely slogans) of the advertising in customers mind. According to peoples feedbacks, the advertising team of Jurlique needs to make sure that how well the advertising will perform. How: Jurlique use online survey and focus group to investigate customers imagination and responses to its new campaign. Concurrent: September 2012 to August 2013 (campaign running) In the campaign process, con-current testing will keep working all year to obtain detail information of each stage and all relevant messages will not miss for marketing team. Image, effectiveness and awareness: While the campaign is launched by TV, magazines as well as Facebook, concurrent evaluation may help Jurlique to comprehend the advertising run correctly or not and obtain feedbacks from customers who saw the campaign. If the advertising is not working correctly, the advertising team can deal with it immediately. How: Coincidental survey- Jurlique use online questionnaires and random calling in order to realize what messages customers receive and get responses from them. Thus, Jurlique can obtain qualitative and quantitative information. Impact on sales: During this advertising campaign starts running, the marketing team will study its sales to track the influence of this new product. The purchased proportion will be studied in detail. How: Measuring the differential impact of different budget sizes, and the effects of brand or corporate image by tracking with the general sales statistical study. (Belch, et al., 2009) Concurrent: September 2012 to August 2013 (campaign running) When the campaign comes to the end around September to November, the marketing team will assess its final result in order to figure out whether the set objectives were reached or not. Post-testing not only identify what was doing best, but also serve as input into the future campaign planning. (Belch, et al., 2009) Impact on sales: While the advertising campaign is ended, marketing team will estimate its sales volume and analyze its profitability. In addition, they will judge specific aspects of the advertisement which provides the most efficiency to this new product. (Belch, et al., 2009) How: Comparing the used media tools and the sales statistical studies to determine how the advertising contributes to brand equity and how to optimize effectiveness. (Belch, et al., 2009) Attitudes and persuasion-Commercial reaction: Reference

RISE OF INDUSTRIAL CAPITALISM

RISE OF INDUSTRIAL CAPITALISM INTRODUCTION Any society is capitalist if the means of production that is tools and materials belongs to the employer and not the employees and the employees produce commodities belonging to their employer. Commodity is something produced for the chief purpose of being exchanged. With increased wealth the leisure class improves in structure and function. Differentiation jets in with less elaborate rank and class. Hence this has led to the upper class and the lower class that depended on the lower class for their survival giving rise to the workers and non workers this develops into capitalism. This paper seeks to explain the rise of industrial capitalism with one claim which serves as thesis that the rise of industrial Capitalism was a result of unequal distribution of wealth in communities giving rise to the non workers who owned the means of production and also the workers. This includes trade practiced by people in the higher class consuming more the workers could produce hence as time goes th ey require more and more people in the lower class to produce for them. Industrial capitalism is a system both social and economic whereby industry and resources are owned by few for profit. In this capitalist system means of production were privately owned. America witnessed the growth of Industrial capitalism in late 19th century and early 20th century. . In any capitalistic state, property is privately owned and is protected by the supreme law of that state. Thus in the rise of industrial capitalism, we are looking at starting of when individuals in a society started acquiring property privately. The rise of industrial capitalization was as a result of five main view points which include: conspicuous consumption, great monopoly, scientific management and difference in living standards. According to Thorestein Veblen on his conspicuous consumption theory stated that rise of industrial capitalization was as a result of wealth accumulation to a few number of people, thus the wealthy developed more in function and structure as a result of having access to more goods and services. Thus there arose a difference in class structure. This was further enhanced through inheritance of wealth and inheritance of gentility. With the inheritance of gentility came the inheritance of obligatory leisure. Thus those who were born wealthy outranked the others born in less wealthy families thus the unlucky to be born in the poor families became the servants of their masters.In this case to rise the ladder from the lower level to high level could take decades of years if not centuries. This in turn resulted into unequal state. This is referred to as feudalism that brought increased ‘primary accumulation of resources or investment capital. .According to Henry Demarest on the story of great monopoly rise of industrial capitalism came about as a result of monopoly in some useful natural resource in this case it was fuel. This monopoly of fuel resource needed by so many people; resulted in acquisition of wealth and elevated some peoples standards. In principle of scientific management as a result of recorgnising the importance of conservation of natural resources scientific management has slowed down the fast rise in capitalism. This created a know how in how the environment had been affected negatively in the search for wealth to be used by few people at the expense of the masses. The difference in living standards was brought about by Jacob Riis where he states that long ago one part of the world did not know how the other part lived because they simply didnt care. The half on top cared little for the others struggling so there was a build up in number of people struggling to a point in which crowding was so much at the bottom creating discomfort to a point where the bottom could not be ignored. CONSPICOUS CONSUMPTION Conspicuous consumption theory of industrial capitalism started as a result of differentiation within class this was a result of the rich owning the means of production. The leisure class which was known for its reckless consumption stood ahead of the social structure in point of reputation. Thus in the survey of growth of conspicuous consumption, it appeared that the utility of both was alike and lied in the element of waste which is common in both. This consumption resulted into depletion and wastage of resources and the workers rioting against the non workers. They wasted goods, time, and effort as a way of demonstrating the possession of wealth. The consumption becomes larger element in the standard of living. Thus rise in rush for wealth to maintain a higher social status. Consumption became a larger element in standard of living in the city than in the country in an effort to remain decent in the city. The higher class would spent without care to that they are wealthy and in tu rn the other people in the City who belonged to the same class would also do the same; competing on who could ‘consume more. GREAT MONOPOLY Great monopoly gave wealthy individuals control over important natural that were vital in production and by so doing influenced industrial capitalism by owning the raw materials for instance coal and petroleum. Petroleum in cities in the United States as well as well as other countries serves to control the production for the people in lower class failed to acquire the power to manufacture their goods if they had any. Majority of oils production in America, manufacture and export had been controlled for long period by a single corporation which had a monopoly for very long. These monopolies could control the whole economy from production, manufacture and even distribution and pricing the goods and services available. PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT Scientific management influenced rise in industrial capitalism in that the whole country at once recognized the importance of conserving material resources. In the past the prevailing idea had been that the right man for the job could be found and the methods of production would be safely left to him which was an old system of personal management. Acquiring of products was at the expense of the environment. DIFFERENCE IN STANDARD OF LIVING Difference in standards of living came as a result of one part of the world not caring about the other part thus those underneath facing crowding and discomfort so great that the consequent upheavals became so violent it was no longer easy to do anything and the upper half failed to inquire what the matter was. Thus capitalism came about where everyone for himself in search for personal property. This scenario resulted to poor masses that would live under the mercy of help from other countries of from their extravagant neighbors who were the course of the problem. CONCLUSION In conclusion the rise of Industrial Capitalism in many parts of the World especially America and Western counties was a result of control of the means of production and consumerism as President Roosevelt argued that the Americans were misusing resources. The scramble to acquire in America was the root cause of industrial Capitalism. People who criticize capitalism put forward the argument that Industrial capitalism was associated with unfair and quite inefficient distribution of wealth creates imperialism and counter revolution wars fighting against economic and cultural exploitation repressions of workers and trade unionists, and phenomena such as social alienation inequality, unemployment, and economic instability. Critics have argued that there is an inherent tendency towards oligolopolistic structures when laissez-faire is combined with capitalist private property. Capitalism is regarded by many socialists to be irrational in that production and the direction the economy is unplanned, creating many inconsistencies and internal contradictions. Environmentalists have argued that capitalism requires continual economic growth, and will inevitably deplete the finite natural resources of the earth, and other broadly utilized resources After the Industrial Capitalism the world has witnessed another form of capitalism which is almost similar and that is financial capitalism. America witnessed the entry to Industrial age and this affected the Americans both economically and socially especially the blacks who still were regarded as outsiders and could not settle in some places especially in the North and could not be allowed to own property in some cases. With Industrial Capitalism it made that the blacks were more sidelined and became poorer and poorer. Capitalism concentrated resources to a few whites and the consumerism culture that developed then saw America face the Great Recession of early 20th century. President Roosevelt had to change the policies of pay to improve the lives of many poor Americans who had been made poor by capitalist policies that concentrated wealth and means of production on a few hands. Bibliography Primary Sources Lloyd, Demarest Henry, The Story of a Great Monopoly, The Atlantic Monthly, March 1881. Taylor Winslow Fredrick, Principals of Scientific Management, 1911. Veblen, Thorestein, The Theory of Leisure Class: An Economic Study of Institutions (New York: Macmillan,1902): 68-101. Secondary Sources Diggins, Patrick John, Thorstein Veblen (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1999): 83-85. Kilcullen, John, Marx On Capitalism (Sidney: Macquarie University, 1996): 1-2. Riis, A Jacob, How the Other Half lives (Minnesota: Kessinger Publishing, 2004): 130-13 Zentes, Tamà ¡s, The transformation of the world economy (Mexico City: United, 1988): 38.

Essay --

SOCI 201A: Professor Hyslop Francesca Surraco Social Theory Final Exam QUOTE #1: â€Å" †¦[the] worker is related to the product of his labor as to an alien object †¦ the more the worker exhausts himself, the more powerful the alien world of objects which he creates over and against himself becomes, the poorer he and his inner world become, the less there is that belongs to him as his own†. - Marx (Kamenka p. 134). In this quote, Karl Marx discusses his theory of alienation. This quote describes how capitalist the worker becomes alienated from the products they make, which further alienates them from aspects of their human nature mostly due to social stratification (bourgeoisie and proletarians). Their alienated work becomes a routine, mechanical activity directed by the bourgeoisie. The selected text in Kamenka this quote is from discusses the laws of political economy which examine how the â€Å"more wealth the worker produces the more his production increases in power and scope. The poorer he becomes the more commodities the worker produces the cheaper a commodity he becomes†. There was an example spoken in class, I believe of a blacksmith, which highlighted pre-capitalist working conditions. A blacksmith would own his own shop, set his own hours, determine his own working conditions, shape his own product, and have some say in how his product is bartered or sold. However, the prolet ariat under capitalism works in order to earn money to live. Despite the fact the worker puts their life into the product; they are alienated from their product that they no longer own. The capitalist has purchased the proletariat's labor-power in exchange for exclusive ownership over the proletariat's products and the profit made from the products. The pr... ...ident in this quote. In my personal opinion, I do believe Foucault’s argument, that knowledge and power are interconnected, is indeed valid mostly due to the fact that his argument is still relevant in terms of the power relations present in our society’s current institutions. This is exemplified by how the prison system is still run with heavy surveillance of prisoners even more so with the technological advances (Security cameras, computers for documentation and filing, etc†¦) that have occurred since the time period Foucault discusses. This quote ultimately reveals how members of society gain and maintain positions of power and further produce more knowledge by having knowledge, as exemplified by the penal system in our society discussed by Foucault. Work discussed: Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Pantheon, 1977. Print.

Frankenstein vs. The Bride of Frankenstein :: Essays Papers

Frankenstein vs. The Bride of Frankenstein In Frankenstein and The Bride of Frankenstein, sound is used as an effect to scare people and create a â€Å"spooky† feeling. They used the sounds of a storm with rain and thunder, the sound of footsteps coming up from behind people, and other noises like creaky stairs, floors, and doors. This created that â€Å"haunted† or â€Å"spooky† feeling that would be used over and over again in horror films for decades. When they used sound effects, it was to emphasize that something was either happening or about to happen. Many people consider The Bride of Frankenstein to be better than the original Frankenstein. This is because the sequel to Frankenstein had a musical score whereas the original Frankenstein never had one. The fact that the original lacked background music and the sequel had a wonderful music score is the biggest difference between the two movies when it came to sound. In The Bride of Frankenstein, music was used as a way of hinting things to the audience. Music would become faster and louder right before something big was about to happen and it would slow down and sound sweet in parts that were supposed to show the good, gentle side of the monster. The music also filled space in between scenes and made the film flow better. In The Bride of Frankenstein, there were many mise en scenes that could be easily found. For one thing, there were many religious symbols thrown in all around the movie. There were many crosses, which had been placed inside the houses. There was a good amount of talking about blasphemy and whether creating this monster was good or bad. One of the biggest issues was about how Dr. Frankenstein seemed to play the role of God. He was creating beings and bringing parts of people back to life. Also, in many scenes, they would use unique camera angles to set up a scene in a particular manner so that the audience would know that something was about to happen. For example, when Elizabeth was in her room, the camera showed the window, Elizabeth, and the reflection of the mirror as the monster began to approach her. Frankenstein vs. The Bride of Frankenstein :: Essays Papers Frankenstein vs. The Bride of Frankenstein In Frankenstein and The Bride of Frankenstein, sound is used as an effect to scare people and create a â€Å"spooky† feeling. They used the sounds of a storm with rain and thunder, the sound of footsteps coming up from behind people, and other noises like creaky stairs, floors, and doors. This created that â€Å"haunted† or â€Å"spooky† feeling that would be used over and over again in horror films for decades. When they used sound effects, it was to emphasize that something was either happening or about to happen. Many people consider The Bride of Frankenstein to be better than the original Frankenstein. This is because the sequel to Frankenstein had a musical score whereas the original Frankenstein never had one. The fact that the original lacked background music and the sequel had a wonderful music score is the biggest difference between the two movies when it came to sound. In The Bride of Frankenstein, music was used as a way of hinting things to the audience. Music would become faster and louder right before something big was about to happen and it would slow down and sound sweet in parts that were supposed to show the good, gentle side of the monster. The music also filled space in between scenes and made the film flow better. In The Bride of Frankenstein, there were many mise en scenes that could be easily found. For one thing, there were many religious symbols thrown in all around the movie. There were many crosses, which had been placed inside the houses. There was a good amount of talking about blasphemy and whether creating this monster was good or bad. One of the biggest issues was about how Dr. Frankenstein seemed to play the role of God. He was creating beings and bringing parts of people back to life. Also, in many scenes, they would use unique camera angles to set up a scene in a particular manner so that the audience would know that something was about to happen. For example, when Elizabeth was in her room, the camera showed the window, Elizabeth, and the reflection of the mirror as the monster began to approach her.

Bye Bye Brazil :: essays research papers

Summary I really enjoyed watching the film Bye, Bye Brazil. I found it to be amusing as well as heartbreaking. I loved Gypsy Lorde. His character had the charisma bordering that of a male chauvinist pig to that of a gentleman. I liked the way the director used symbolic images to get his point across to the audience. I think if I had not done research on the Internet for most of our assignments as well as reading the textbook, I would have found the movie very educational. I had no questions after watching the film. However, it did make me realize how the majority of cultures will assimilate during the process of change, losing a little if not the majority of their traditions that were establish decades ago. Bye, Bye Brazil (1980), a film by Carlos Diegues, tells a story about the struggle of two couples trying to find their dreams in a country, Brazil, that is being overcome by social changes and undergoing massive technological transformations. United by their dreams, the couples travel through the backlands of Brazil in a truck, to seek places where they can not only make a living, but also find their dreams. The insights gained in the course of the journey are insights of both acceptance and change. The main character, the accordionist Cico, starts by joining the Carnival Rolidei as means of breaking out of his suffocating town, and from his pre-determined course of life. The character Gypsy Lorde is portrayed as an ambitious and cynical manager without scruples who is reluctant to see the changes around him. Salome, Gypsy Lorde companion, is as cynical as he, but transmits an air of quiet resignation to the fact that things are changing, whether they like it or not. The fourth character Dasdo, Cico’s wife, is very plain looking compared to Salome, very quiet, and passive. Like Salome, Dasdo also quietly resigns to the fact things are changing but she also tries to give an array of hope that the Carnival will survive and prosper. Bye, Bye Brazil unites in its characters and situations the same elements, which are part of the many processes that are transforming Brazil. The carnival travels from poor town to another. You can see the surprise and disgust of the characters as they move from one part of Brazil to another. Finding that either the young have left behind their old for modernization or that the town people have been captivated by the magic and illusions presented by television.

Cruddy by Lynda Barry

Lynda Barry has provided a thoughtful, interesting, and provocative novel about Roberta Rohbeson featuring, on the surface, two diverse, but related story lines. The first is the story of Roberta as a sixteen-year-old girl and details what happened to her to cause her to be grounded for a year for dropping two hits of acid in September of 1971. It is Roberta who gives the book its name. While grounded in her room she begins to write in her diary with an ominous note of her intended suicide, â€Å"I planned this way before the drugs were a part of my life. . . .It was my idea to kill myself† (Barry two pagers before 1). This plot thread is interwoven with a more detailed sinister thread that took place five years earlier when Roberta's parents separated and, at her mother's insistence, Roberta hide in the back of her father's car and accompanied â€Å"the Father,† as she calls him, on a bloody, murderous, cross-country spree fueled by the near constant drinking by her al coholic father. The spree ended with her father as the prime suspect in the Lucky Chief Motel Massacre and with Roberta walking through the Nevada while covered with blood (Barry).It is unclear however whether either of the plot threads actually occurred within the world of the novel or whether they are the imaginings or hallucinations of a teenage girl being punished for misbehaving. Unlike many books that deal with teenage angst by portraying the protagonist as a person with a â€Å"woe is me† attitude, Cruddy distinguishes itself by not falling victim to this self-indulgent trap. Roberta is detached from her family. Like the impersonal description of her father as â€Å"the father,† Roberta's mother is called simply â€Å"the mother.† Roberta views her younger half-sister Julie with the usual contempt of teenagers who are forced to share a bedroom. Roberta has a matter of fact attitude toward the events in her life and blames no one for her actions. She remem bers and acts upon some of the philosophical aphorisms her father espouses. â€Å"DO NOT HESITATE. NEVER, NEVER HESITATE† and L. L. S. S. , (loose lips sink ships) (Barry 30, 99). The book features a large number of charcoal drawings that illustrate the accompanying text. These pictures provide the reader with the best physical description of the father.Page 22 features a portrait of a hard looking man with deep-set eyes and a cigarette drooping reminiscent of Humphrey Bogart. The picture reveals an independent man who will brook nonsense from no one and will not hesitate to use violence should the need or opportunity arise. The father's face reveals no compassion for anyone, not even his daughter Roberta whom he calls Clyde. Ostensibly the alcohol binge and crime spree of the father starts at the time of the separation of Roberta's parents.When the father discovers that Julie, the younger sister, is not his, but the child of his wife's boss he snaps because of the stress cau sed by the discovery. Combined with the apparent suicide of his father known as Old Dad, it was more than he could bear. The newspapers covering the story of the murders alleged that the father stole Roberta in the middle of the night and left a note threatening to kill Roberta if the mother calls the police or tried to find them (Barry 23). According to Roberta this is largely a fiction put on by her mother to get her picture in the paper.The real story is the mother made Roberta hide in the car and accompany her father. At the novel's beginning the father was due to inherit the family business, a well-known local meatpacking plant where he worked as a butcher and had developed a good reputation locally. Instead of leaving the business to his son Old Dad sold it â€Å"out from under† the father and left him unemployed and without funds. Allegedly Old Dad placed the money into three Samsonite suitcases none of which he gave to the father. Then Old Dad hanged himself in the me at cooler.He believes his father, Old Dad, has cheated him and that he is just getting back what was his by natural right. Allegedly much of the father's motivation lies in hopes of recovering the suitcases and the supposed money in them. However, it is difficult to determine if there is any truth at all to the story of the three suitcases of money. Supposedly the meatpacking plant was heavily mortgaged and selling the plant was necessary to pay the debts, â€Å"at least I'm not leaving you in the hole,† said Old Dad.If this were the case one would expect him to open the suitcases as he found them and make use of the money, but he does not do this. When he finds the first suitcase he merely holds it up and says, â€Å"not a scratch on it . . . It's Samsonite! We could do a [bleep] commercial† (Barry 25-38). This peculiar behavior calls into question whether this plot thread ever existed. Nonetheless with this theoretical motivation the father packs his butcher knives a nd leaves his wife. Blood has played an important role in the father's life.Although he spent time in the Navy, being a butcher was his work as a butcher that he believed that he would achieve success. He takes pride in the work he does and has hopes of challenging even the big packinghouses and that stores were going to come back and buy their meet from Rohbeson's Slaughter House (Barry 25). At the end of a workday he and his clothes were often covered with blood. He is devoted to his knives and goes so far as to name them. Little Debbie is his favorite and he gives it to Roberta to protect herself. The nature of the father's profession was inherently violent.The violence manifests itself throughout the novel. He kills people in a variety of ways including homicide by car and shooting people. When Roberta is injured and receives a small cut on her finger that becomes infected, he casually uses Little Debbie to remove the finger at the knuckle while promising that Roberta â€Å"wou ld not feel a thing: (Barry 198). The name of the combination slaughterhouse, restaurant, and bar where they stay for a time is the Knocking Hammer, presumably a reference to a notorious method of killing beef about to be slaughtered by hitting them in the head with a hammer.The violence in the father's life also occurs in Roberta's world. Shortly after the father amputated her finger Roberta found herself thinking about killing the father and the others who live at Knocking Hammer (Barry 214). Shortly afterwards Roberta uses Little Debbie to cut the throat of the deputy sheriff while he is driving her to the institution where her father has committed her. By the end of the novel Roberta has killed her father by slicing his throat with the knife named Sheila. She also killed the others staying at the Lucky Chief Motel.Roberta has become a serial killer. It is unclear whether or not examining the father helps understand his blood thirst. By the book's end the two plot threads have vi rtually merged and it is no longer clear how much of the events in the novel actually happened. It appears likely that the thread where Roberta gets grounded for dropping acid is true. However, it is less clear the other thread occurred at all. It may be the acid induced hallucinations of Roberta. It may be a story made up to entertain her friend Vicky.Both threads may be the imaginary world of a teenager trying to get back at her parents for grounding her for a year by imagining one of them an unfit mother and the father as a homicidal, alcoholic maniac. The novel works in all of these fashions and leaves the reader unsure just what is what. In any case the world where Roberta lives, whether it is real, imaginary, or the product of drug-induced delusions is a violent one. Works Cited Barry, Lynda. Cruddy: An Illustrated Novel. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1999.

Confessions of an Economic Hitman

Confessions of an Economic Hit man John Perkins The reasons as to why I selected this book was heavily weighted on my personal interests. The fact that I am interested in matters of economics, imperialism, capitalism and deception and corruption on a government level, made reviewing Confessions of an economic hit man an enjoyable experience. â€Å"For them, this is a war about the survival of their children and cultures, while for us it is about power, money and natural resources. It is one part of the struggle for world domination and the dream of a few greedy men, global empire. † (prologue) If confessions of an economic Hit man had to be summarised in a sentence, the quotation above should give you the reader briefly; a general inquest into some of the main topics of discussion in the book. The author (John Perkins) describes in great depth the conflicts of interests between the developed and the developing world whilst integrating his life journey as part of a riveting and gripping novel. The book begins in the 1960’s and the author gives a personal account of his life, family and education threw till 1971, the year in which John Perkins became an â€Å"Economic Hit man†. Confessions of an economic Hit man tells a tale of how John Perkins amongst others exploited oil exporting countries such as Ecuador, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Venezuela and Indonesia but to name a few names, in order for them to become indebted to the United States of America. John Perkins goes into grave detail in explaining how America has become probably the most powerful political and economic force in the world. The elements of genius and deception mixed with the strategic approaches of the so called economic hit men (â€Å"EHM’s†) gives an insight as to how these oil rich countries become indebted to the powerhouses of America such as the large engineering corporations, banks, CEO’s and politicians. In order to explain how EHMs go about their work, the author has chosen to make references to the Mafia, through these references it can be understood just how these strategies where implemented in to helping the American economy grow according to the views, expressions and experiences of John Perkins. Like our counterparts in the mafia EHMs provide favors. These take the forms of loans to develop infrastrucure – electric generating plants, highways, ports airports or industrial parks. † (prolouge) EHMs pronounce the idea of taking out large loans to the leaders of some of the countries named previously. The main intention of providing countries these inflated l oans, is in the end for these countries to default on the loan payments and in turn to be indebted to the USA. An important part of the process was making sure the infrastructure that was to be built, was built by American engineering firms such as MAIN, which John Perkins initially worked for. This factor was important as a large sum of the loan was instantly injected back in to the American economy via the engineering firms. If the EHMs are completely successful and the default on the loan payments occurs (which it inevitably will) then as the author puts it so well â€Å"when this happens, then like the mafia we demand our pound of flesh† (prologue). As a result America often try to command some of the following; control over United Nations votes, the installation of military bases, or access to resources such as oil. Thus a country has been added to the â€Å"global empire†. The author tries to diagnose what is wrong with the strategic decisions being made by the American government, himself and other economic hit men in the past by showing the consequences the strategic decisions have. Not only on the ones who reap the benefits from these decisions but of those who are affected negatively. An example of this is how the indigenous people of Ecuador were affected by the oil companies invading the very environments in which those people live and the destruction of cultures, habitats, wildlife and the people of Ecuador who lived in such areas. To give another example as to what is wrong with the strategic decisions made in the past in regards to the protagonist, the Mafia reference can be referred to once again. Mafia bosses often start out as street thugs. But over time, the ones who make it to the top transform their appearance. They take to wearing impeccably tailored suits and owning legitimate businesses. † â€Å"They are quick to lend money to those in desperate straits† They appear to be model citizens. However beneath this patina is a trail of blood† (page 139) Using the mafia analogy it is clear to diagnose what is wrong with the strategic decisions that have been made in the past and are still being made now in regards to, how governments and EHMs leave behind trails of blood just as Mafia bosses can in order to carry out their business. But the â€Å"model citizens† who are in disguise such as EHMs are seen in a completely different light in that to crime lords. Many strategies have been devised by empires over centuries, these strategies and decisions have helped shape the world as it is in its present state. The author explains how strategic decisions made in the past were the wrong decisions in his opinion, as John Perkins had seen first hand the devastation that could be caused by the American government in its pursuit for a â€Å"global empire†. An example of this is how in the 1960’s, a key strategy was being implemented by the world governments. This was the switch from neoclassical economics to Keynesian economics. In America this switch happened under the reigns of presidents Kennedy and Johnson. The switch to Keynesian economics meant that the government would play a major role in managing markets and in regards to welfare: health, unemployment, compensation and other forms of welfare. This now meant that government intervention was at an all time high. The author explains how a one Robert McNamara who at the time was the secretary of defense and then went on to become the president of the World Bank, had the single most important influence on the switch to Keynesian economics. â€Å"McNamara became a strong advocate of a Keynesian approach to government, using mathematical models and statistical approaches to determine troop levels, allocation of funds, and other strategies. His advocacy of â€Å"aggressive leadership† became a hallmark not only of government managers but also of corporate executives. It formed the basis of a new philosophical approach to teaching management at the nation’s top business schools, and it ultimately led to a new breed of CEOs who would spearhead the rush to global empire. (page 79) The author goes on to stress the importance of such an event and how the decisions which lead up to Robert McNamara becoming the president of the most powerful bank in the world. The strategic decision of developing and switching to Keynesian economics which lead to the World Bank becoming an agent in the â€Å"global empire† was described by the author as â€Å"Robert McNamara’s greatest and most sinister contribution to history†. page 79) Another key Strategic decision made in 1975 this time by John Perkins was one which shaped global economics at the time. It was that of an innovative approach to economic forecasting originally formed by a Russian mathematician. This was the Markhov method of economic modeling. The strategic decision made by the protagonist in this case John Perkins was one that would affect entire societies. Of course as explained before a EHMs role was to land large loans upon the shoulders of countries which would not be capable to afford the repayment of these loans. It was exactly what we wanted a tool that scientifically â€Å"proved† we were doing countries a favour by helping them incur debts they would never be able to pay off. In addition, only a highly skilled econometrician with lots of time and money would possibly comprehend the intricacies of markhov or question its conclusions†. (page 102) Together with the help of a Dr Nadipuram Prasad, John Perkins presented Markhov as a revolutionary method for forecasting investment on infrastructure. Now backed with â€Å"facts† and figures, EHMs such as John Perkins became very successful at what they did. This shows what was fundamentally wrong with USA at the time as the implementation of such devious strategy was used to exploit countries who had lesser knowledge economically and who were desperate to have a high flying economy like that of the US and also emulate some of the US infrastructure, such as shopping malls and airports. The author tries to make it fundamentally clear that the strategic decisions made by himself and the American government were wrong in every sense of the imagination. The author paints men such as George Bush, George Shultz and Robert McNamara with the same brush. He believes under their regimes people like himself were pawns in a game in which such men wanted the result to be: â€Å":an america that controlled the world and all its resources, a world that answered to the commands of that america, a U. S military that would enforce rules as they were written by america, and an international trade and banking system that supported america as CEO of the global empire. † (page 155) Through the experiences of the protagonist and the guilt that was felt through such a personal journey John Perkins makes his confessions clear but also tries to lead the reader into new strategic directions and influence society along the way. John Perkins essentially admits to feeling regret for some of his actions but through his writings he tried to correct some of his past mistakes as he aims to educate a new generation on some of the corruption which shapes all of our futures. â€Å"Most importantly this story must be told because today, for the first time in history, one nation has the ability, the money and the power t change all this. It is the nation where I was born and the one I served as an EHM: the United States of America† (page 219) An example of this is how John Perkins makes references and implications as to how the most powerful firms in the world have at their disposal, quite essentially the power and money to change global problems such as starvation and common diseases. â€Å"the big corporations, banks and government bureaucracies – that threaten the republic could be used instead to institute fundamental changes in the world. Such institutions possess the communications networks and transportation systems necessary to end disease, starvation, and even wars – if they could only be convinced to take that course. † page 128) To this example, John Perkins mentions it on numerous occasions but this quotation would best sum up how John Perkins tries to influence the reader on reviewing new strategic directions. John Perkins does not only attempt to influence entire societies or countries as shown with the previous examples but he also attempts to interact with the reader. In the epilogue John Perkins interacts with the reader and attempts to influence the reader in implementing new strategies in their lives in an attempt to make a difference on some of the issues discussed in this book review. An example of this is where John Perkins states â€Å"so the burden falls on to you to see the truth beneath the veneer and to expose it. Speak to your family and friends; spread the word. † (page 221). In regard to this John Perkins attempts to influence people’s day to day lives, from â€Å"downsizing† homes, wardrobes cars and to even consider meditation instead of shopping. He then goes on to mention household brand names such as Nike, McDonalds and Coca Cola in a clear attempt to influence the reader that these organizations have the ability to make their primary goals to clothe and feed the world’s poorest. John Perkins almost pushes the idea of equality on the reader as he uses his strong beliefs to try and make the reader consider new strategic directions as strategy after all is not just something that is implemented on a business level but something that can be implemented in one’s life. My opinion of this novel is that I have found it to be enthralling and the argument the protagonist makes is a very convincing and detailed one. It is clear to see that the feelings of the protagonist are extremely strong. So, however strong his argument, one must consider that the story is that of one man’s opinion and in all probability, possibly biased. The main argument the protagonist makes is that of one that takes me back to the very first quotation I had used from the book, that of â€Å"greedy men, and global empire† and how it is shaping the world and how essentially things must change. An example of why the story of John Perkins could be found so convincing is an example of today’s current economic climate. The greed of the some of the world’s largest banks has lead to a recession in which very few may have predicted. This recession has of course caused many of us to struggle. I believe steps could have been taken to stop this if such high levels of deception were not amongst the CEO’s and corporate leaders of some of the world’s leading financial institutions. As I do find the protagonists story and argument convincing I do not agree with it, as in a time of extreme capitalism and globalization many of us are powerless to stop events described in the novel and a current example of today’s recession from happening. Overall the book was a more than an interesting read and possibly an eye opener to many who do not have knowledge or understanding of some of the views expressed in the book. So I would not hesitate to recommend this to anyone who takes similar interest into economics, imperialism and government corruption as I have. Word Count: 2028